Product & Service Offer

Fig 1. Sketched synthetic route for the synthesis of a bicyclic, branched 21 aa peptide that included a combination of solid phase and solution chemistry approaches.
Fig 1. Sketched synthetic route for the synthesis of a bicyclic, branched 21 aa peptide that included a combination of solid phase and solution chemistry approaches.

1• Standard peptide synthesis scales and features

2• Custom peptide reverse phase HPLC purification

3• Peptide ends

4• Counterions

5• Quality control: guaranteed peptides

6• Lead time

 


 

We prepare mg to multi-g amounts of fully characterized peptides for research. Most syntheses are achieved using solid-phase resin and Fmoc chemistry whilst solution-phase approach is utilized where appropriate for more demanding synthesis or special structural features. We further purify your peptides using reversed-phase HPLC to different levels of purities. We will assist you and recommend the optimum purity level required for your particular application. Peptides are sold for in vitro research use only and they are not intended for medical or diagnostics applications.

 

 

 

1• Standard peptide synthesis scales and features

 

The table below describes our classical, most frequently requested syntheses. Please contact us with your sequence(s), amount and purity level and we will always respond with a very competitive offer.

   Custom peptide synthesis: Fast turnaround Fast turnaround

  Custom peptide synthesis: >97%+ succes rates>97%+ success ratesRequest your custom peptide synthesis quote, modified peptide, biologically active, long peptides, hydrophobic peptides, D-form, pegylated peptide, cyclic peptide, phosphopeptides, biotin labeled peptide, fluorescent, heavy isotope labeled peptides.

Custom peptide synthesis: Guaranteed quality  Guaranteed quality

Pricing groups(I-VI)
depending on
synthesis scales (mg)
(I) 2 mg (minimum amount)
(II) 5 mg to 30 mg in increments of 5 mg
(III) 30 mg to 100 mg in increments of 10 mg
(IV) 0.1 g to 1 g in increments of 50 mg
(V) 1 g to 10 g in increments of 500 mg
(VI) >10 g
Purity levels: >70%, >80%, >90%, >95% and >99%
Analytical Data: HPLC trace (220 nm), mass spectrum (EI, MALDI-TOF) & dissolution conditions
Peptide Length: Standard:5-30 aa ; Routine: 31-60 aa ; Maximum length about 100 aa
Structure: Unblocked termini (i.e. NH2- and -COOH ends)
Counter ions: Standard: Trifluoroacetate (tfa); Option: acetate or chloride
Form: Lyophilized powder




2• Custom peptide reverse phase HPLC purification

Fig 2. Reverse phase HPLC analysis of a 10-aa peptide containing two aromatic residues (tyr) with dual wavelength recording: 220 nm and 280 nm. Co-elution of both absorptions confirms product purity. C8 column 4.6x250mm, 5μm. Gradient 15-50% acetonitrile.
Fig 2. Reverse phase HPLC analysis of a 10-aa peptide containing two aromatic residues (tyr) with dual wavelength recording: 220 nm and 280 nm. Co-elution of both absorptions confirms product purity. C8 column 4.6x250mm, 5μm. Gradient 15-50% acetonitrile

 

 

HPLC purification options include guaranteed purities  >70%, >80%, >90%, >95% and a unique ultra-pure >99% grade for demanding experiments.

Purification is performed by preparative or semi-preparative reversed-phase HPLC. We typically use C8 or C18 columns with linear gradients of acetonitrile in 0.1% aqueous tfa with UV monitoring at 220 nm.

HPLC elution may be monitored with UV detector set at longer wavelength for peptides containing aromatic amino acids (Figure 2).

The crude peptide synthesis contains by-products resulting from failed coupling cycles (i.e. truncated chains), and further oxidation, modification, or hydrolysis of side chains arising during cleavage and deprotection. The extent of impurities varies with peptide length and primary sequence.

 

Depending upon your specific application we would recommend purification levels along the following guidelines.

 

 

Experimental applications and recommended purity levels

Purity >70%
Wide range peptide screen ; Polyclonal antibodies production; preliminary library screenings; higher levels should be considered for peptides > 20aa.
Purity >80%
Biochemical screening assays ; Qualitative immunoassays (ELISA, competition, depletion…) ; Polyclonal antibodies production with long peptides;
Purity >90%
Initial bioassays of candidate peptide ; Polyclonal mono-specific antibodies; affinity column making; structure-activity studies; qualitative biochemical assays (enzyme activity, specificity…).
Purity >95%
Quantitative immunoassays (ELISA, competition, depletion…); quantitative biochemical assays (enzyme activity, kinetics…); generally recommended with modified peptides; preliminary structural analysis (NMR,…).
Purity >99%, ultra-pure
Sensitive bioassays; cell culture assays; quantitative bioassays; structural studies (Crystallography, NMR,…).

 

 

 

3• Peptide ends

  - Standard synthesis peptide ends

 

The N-terminus is the end of a peptide that has a free amino group (-NH2), while the C-terminus is the end that has a free carboxyl group (-COOH).  When designing a peptide, one must consider what ends would be best fitted for the particular application.  Depending on the requirements, if any, for over whole peptide charge or stability towards exopeptidases activities, one might consider N- and/or C-capping.

 

Our peptides are normally synthesized with unblocked termini:
N-terminal amine and C-terminal carboxyl groups.

 

The pKa values of the terminal alpha-amino group and the carboxylic acid group indicates that the peptide ends are generally electrically charged  at physiological pH.

 

 

  - Capped peptide ends


In some instances, it may be preferable to neutralize these electric charges using capping groups.  To that effect, peptide ends are often modified by:

N-terminal acetylation and/or C-terminal amidation.


 

 

N-acetyl and C-amide closely mimic internal sequences as they have uncharged ends. It should be noted that as expected, this charge neutralization also often results in decreased solubility.

 

In other cases, it may be desirable to modify the N- or C-terminus in a way that prevents or reduces enzymatic hydrolysis notably when the peptides are intended for use in biological systems where enzymatic activity is present e.g. body and cell fluids, bacteria, etc.

Peptidases can be grouped according to the pattern of proteolysis as either endo- or exo-peptidases. Exopeptidases catalyse the removal of amino acids (or short peptides) from the end of a polypeptide chain through the hydrolysis of peptide bonds.

These enzymes are widely distributed in nature and can be further divided in subgroups.  Specifically, aminopeptidases cleave amino acids from the N-terminus of a peptide, while carboxypeptidases cleave amino acids from the C-terminus.

There again, N-acetylation and C-amidation are commonly utilised to protect the ends of the peptide from exopeptidase hydrolysis.

Other N-terminal modifications including N-pyroglutamylation, lipidation, cyclisation, and PEGylation have been found to increase bio-stability of peptides.

 

 

4• Counterions

 

Peptides are charged molecules. Standard reversed-phase HPLC purification allows for the isolation of pure peptides that are further freeze-dried yielding peptides preparations that comprise trifluoroacetate (= tfa = CF3COO-) as counterion.

 

TFA exchange services

 Some applications require the removal of tfa. We offer ion exchange option to acetate (CH3COO-) or chloride (Cl-) salts.

 

 

 

5• Quality control: guaranteed peptides

 

We recognize that quality and reliability are central to our customers. As a result no peptide leaves our laboratories unless it has fully complied with our stringent QC standards every step of the process. 

Standard synthesis report includes analytical HPLC trace verifying purity, a mass spectrum ensuring integrity of the desired full-length peptide and dissolution conditions.

Other analysis may be performed as required:

   Custom peptide synthesis: Fast turnaround Elemental analysis for net peptide content

  Custom peptide synthesis: >97%+ succes ratestfa content analysis

  Custom peptide synthesis: >97%+ succes ratesAmino-acid analysis

  Custom peptide synthesis: >97%+ succes ratesWater content analysis

 

 Your delivered peptides are 100 % guaranteed.

 

 

6• Fast reliable peptide delivery

 


Every peptide is supplied as a stable lyophilized powder with comprehensive documentation. Lead time will vary with length, scale, purity, and modifications ordered. Our average turn around is shown in the table below, for standard synthesis scales and purities. Our customers are well advised when synthesis difficulties are encountered and product dispatch is delayed.

Synthesis 25 mg, >70% 25 mg, >80% 25 mg, >90% 25 mg, >95% 25 mg, >99%
Average (*) approx. 2 weeks approx. 2 - 3 weeks approx. 2 - 3 weeks approx. 2-3 weeks approx. 3 weeks
(* Peptides 15 to 20 aa)

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